Effects of compatibilizer type and rubber‐wood sawdust content on the mechanical,morphological, and thermal properties of PVC/LDPE blend

This article aimed to investigate the mechanical, morphological and thermal properties of PVC/LDPE blend with and without the addition of compatibilizers. The effects of LDPE content, compatibilizer type and rubber‐wood sawdust loading on the properties of the blend were evaluated. The experimental results suggested that as the LDPE content was increased the mechanical properties of PVC‐LDPE blend progressively decreased due to poor interfacial adhesion. The continuity and compatibility between PVC and LDPE phases could be improved through three different types of compatibilizers which included chlorinated polyethylene (CPE) poly(methyl‐methacrylate‐co‐butyl acrylate) (PA20) and poly(ethylene‐co‐methacrylate) (Elvaloy). The PA20 was found to be the most suitable compatibilizer for the blend. A radical transfer reaction was proposed in this work to explain the structure and thermal changes of the PVC in PVC‐LDPE blend. The decomposition temperature of PVC in the blend decreased with the loading of the PA20 and the wood sawdust. As the sawdust content was increased the tensile and flexural moduli increased with considerable decreased in the tensile, flexural and impact strength, a slight improvement being achieved if the PA20 was incorporated in the composite. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 102: 598–606, 2006     

Preparation of HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH and its effect on mechanical properties of HDPE/wood flour composites

In this article, high density polyethylene/styrene‐ethylene‐butylene‐styrene block copolymer blends (HDPE/SEBS) grafted by maleic anhydride (HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH), which is an effective compatibilizer for HDPE/wood flour composites was prepared by means of torque rheometer with different contents of maleic anhydride (MAH). The experimental results indicated that MAH indeed grafted on HDPE/SEBS by FTIR analysis and the torque increased with increasing the content of maleic anhydride and dicumyl peroxide (DCP). Styrene may increase the graft reaction rate of MAH and HDPE/SEBS. When HDPE/SEBS MAH was added to HDPE/wood flour composites, tensile strength and flexural strength of composites can reach 25.9 and 34.8 MPa in comparison of 16.5 and 23.8 MPa (without HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH), increasing by 157 and 146%, respectively. Due to incorporation of thermoplastic elastomer in HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH, the Notched Izod impact strength reached 5.08 kJ m^?2, increasing by 145% in comparison of system without compatibilizer. That HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH improved the compatibility was also conformed by dynamic mechanical measurement. Scanning electron micrographs provided evidence for strong adhesion between wood flour and HDPE matrix with addition of HDPE/SEBS‐g‐MAH. © 2007 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 2007     

Adsorption of Cr(III), Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II) ions onto phenolated wood resin

In this study, phenolated wood resin was used an adsorbent for the removal of Cr(III), Ni(II), Zn(II), Co(II) ions by adsorption from aqueous solution. The adsorption of metal ions from solution was carried at different contact times, concentrations and pHs at room temperature (25°C). For individual metal ion, the amount of metal ions adsorbed per unit weight of phenolated wood resin at equilibrium time increased with increasing concentration and pH. Also, when the amounts of metal ions adsorbed are compared to each other, it was seen that this increase was order of Cr(III) > Ni(II) > Zn(II) > Co(II). This increase was order of Cr(III) > Ni(II) > Co(II) > Zn(II) for commercial phenol–formaldehyde resin. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process obeyed the intraparticle diffusion model. It was also determined that adsorption isotherm followed Langmuir and Freundlich models. Adsorption isotherm obtained for commercial phenol–formaldehyde resin was consistent with Freundlich model well. Adsorption capacities from Langmuir isotherm for commercial phenol–formaldehyde resin were higher than those of phenolated wood resin, in the case of individual metal ions. Original adsorption isotherm demonstrated the monolayer coverage of the surface of phenolated wood resin. Adsorption kinetic followed the intraparticle diffusion model. The positive values of ΔG° determined using the equilibrium constants showed that the adsorption was not of spontaneous nature. It was seen that values of distribution coefficient (K_D) decreasing with metal ion concentration in solution at equilibrium (C_e) indicated that the occupation of active surface sites of adsorbent increased with metal ions. © 2006 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. J Appl Polym Sci 101: 2838–2846, 2006     

木粉／低密度聚乙烯复合材料的发泡研究

用模压法制备木粉／低密度聚乙烯发泡材料。通过差示量热扫描分析,考察了纯偶氮二甲酰胺(AC)及与 ZnO共混物、纯NaHCO3及与柠檬酸(L)共混物的热分解特性,探讨了发泡剂AC、NaHCO3、柠檬酸、交联剂过氧化二异丙苯等对材料力学性能的影响,并在扫描电镜下观察了材料断面的微观形态。结果表明:采用放热发泡剂和复合发泡剂都能使复合材料密度下降20％左右,发泡后材料的冲击性能为发泡前体系的1．5倍左右;复合发泡剂的发泡效果优于单放热发泡剂的效果。     

试论日语中的“和制汉语”

汉语作为日语词汇的组成部分之一,在日语词汇中占有相当数量,其中又以和制汉语占绝大多数。从与和语的对应关系来看,和制汉语可以分为狭义和广义两类。从字义与词义关系等角度出发,这两类和制汉语类分别具有相应的构词特点,其中广义的和制汉语不仅量大面广,而且对我国汉语词汇也产生相应的影响。     

试析中国古代诗歌中的儿童形象

在孝文化盛行的中国古代,儿童的主体性是被忽视的,因此,儿童题材的诗歌数量不多。这些诗歌弥足珍贵,其塑造了一批多彩多姿的儿童形象,他们或聪明勤奋、或勤劳坚忍、或天真叛逆,这些诗对研究古代的儿童教育也有一定的参考价值,是我们民族宝贵的精神财富。     

太阳能相变储热系统对木材干燥速率的影响

针对木材太阳能干燥间歇性的不足,在原有太阳能干燥装置的基础上,增设了多管道叉排石蜡相变储热系统,并在小型试验台上模拟了木材太阳能干燥过程。试验研究表明:该干燥装置中储热系统供风温度对木材干燥速率的影响最大,干燥速率随着供风温度的升高而增加,最大的差值达到0.29%/h。;其次是循环风速,随着循环风速的提高干燥速率先增大后减小,在风速为1.5 m/s时的干燥速率最高,为1.0%/h;而石蜡管的管排数对干燥速率几乎没有影响,不同管排数下最大的差值为0.05%/h。此装置最优的干燥条件为:石蜡管管排为9排,循环风速为1.5 m/s,供风温度为65℃,此条件下干燥速率可达1.06%/h。上述研究结果可为木材太阳能干燥设备储热系统的研发提供参考。     

《论语》《世说新语》判断句比较浅析

《论语》用先秦时期的汉语写成,它在语言学方面有很大影响。从语言学的角度来说,南朝刘义庆的《世说新语》对研究汉语从上古到中古的演变具有很重要的价值。本文考查了《论语》和《世说新语》中判断句,通过对二书中判断句结构形式方面的比较,观察由《论语》到《世说新语》判断句的发展变化,希望展示判断句从上古到中古的演变情况。     

阿克库勒凸起奥陶系古岩溶特征研究

阿克库勒凸起奥陶系古岩溶主要经历加里东期,海西早、晚期和印支期。在古岩溶发育的古构造背景及此4期演化的基础上,重点研究加里东中期和海西早期古岩溶特征,进而分析影响该区古岩溶发育的主要因素。     

电子剪切散斑技术在木材无损检测中的应用

复合板材及木制品等表面或内部的缺陷对材料性能有很大影响,如何快速准确地对其进行无损检测,并判断缺陷的位置大小是很有意义的.针对松木板试件,通过预置表面和内部隐藏缺陷来近似模拟实际缺陷情况,提出一种基于剪切散斑干涉技术的木材无损检测技术新方法,实现了对松木试件的无损检测.在表面缺陷的检测中讨论了剪切量对结果的影响,利用像素标定的方法,得到直径为6、5、3mm的缺陷信息;在内部隐藏缺陷检测中,借助热加载技术同时引入相移技术使剪切散斑检测技术不仅具有非接触、全场实时检测等特点,而且完成对内部隐藏近表面缺陷的定量无损检测.整个检测过程光路简单,实时快速,实验结果与实际情况符合较好.